Greetings to all of you that are either interested in starting a job search, or are trying to get a jump on things.
As a graduate student here at MSU, I was asked to impart some of what I've learned about searching for a job -- thus far. I'm currently in the midst of a nation-wide job search, and have learned much in the process about how to save time, yet still do a quality job.
The first thing I'd focus on is your resume. This, in my opinion, is the single most important document you will use in your search. That sounds obvious, but my point is that the most useful thing is also the most difficult thing to write. I'd sugges t writing a draft of your resume, then give yourself some time to go back over and proofread it. Then, after it reads right to you, take it to someone who is either a mentor or your advisor -- and have them "rip it apart." Be open to constructive criticism, and let them know what it is you're looking for. This will only help you in the end. Have as many people look at it as possible; eventually it will be ready and reflect well upon you.
Next consider your cover letter. My best advice is to, again, have someone look your letters over, at least in the beginning stages. I would also get a sample cover letter and begin your drafts based on the sample -- it will help you get in the mindset of letter writing. Finally, save all your cover letters either on the computer or in hard copy. After you've been looking for jobs for awhile, your cover letters may begin to overlap. Review what you've written, make a few changes, then send them out anew. This saves time in the long run.
My final job search suggestion is to create some forms for yourself. I use a tracking form for each job I apply for. This form has places to write the address of the potential job, the date I sent out materials, the title and salary of the job, and a ny contact people. Things like this will help you stay organized at a time in your life when everything seems to be up in the air.
I have found each of these steps very helpful to me, but the most important thing is to take this search very seriously, and to find whatever strategies or systems that work best for you. I wish each of you the best of luck in this most exciting and, yes, sometimes humbling experience.